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REVIEW PAPER
RISK FACTORS FOR RECURRENCE OF NASAL POLYPS IN CASES OF CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS AFTER ENDOSCOPIC SINUS SURGERY: A NARRATIVE REVIEW
1
Student Scientific Club at the Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research
Methodology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
A - Research concept and design; B - Collection and/or assembly of data; C - Data analysis and interpretation; D - Writing the article; E - Critical revision of the article; F - Final approval of article;
Submission date: 2025-03-08
Final revision date: 2025-08-16
Acceptance date: 2025-09-23
Online publication date: 2025-12-05
Publication date: 2025-12-05
Corresponding author
Barbara Rusinowska
Student Scientific Club at the Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research Methodology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
Student Scientific Club at the Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research Methodology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
J Hear Sci 2025;15(3):9-18
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a persistent inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses, classified into phenotypes with (CRSwNP) and without (CRSsNP) nasal polyps. A key limitation of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for CRSwNP is the frequent recurrence of polyps. This narrative review aims to summarize current evidence on risk factors for polyp recurrence after ESS.
Material and methods:
All relevant publications published from 2019 to 2024 were retrieved from PubMed based on the keywords chronic rhinosinusitis, endoscopic sinus surgery, and nasal polyps. Exactly 47 papers were identified.
Results:
A number of risk factors for polyp recurrence in CRSwNP patients following prior ESS were identified. Most highlight the significant number of relapses in patients with asthma, allergic rhinitis, eosinophilia, aspirin hypersensitivity, smoking, non-compliance with post-procedure recommendations, prior sinus surgery, and elevated levels of inflammatory factors (interleukins: IL-5, IL-10, and IL-6).
Conclusions:
Recognition of these risk factors and incorporation of biomarker assessment may improve patient stratification and enable tailored postoperative management. Further studies are needed to validate these predictors and develop effective strategies to reduce recurrence rates in CRSwNP patients.
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a persistent inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses, classified into phenotypes with (CRSwNP) and without (CRSsNP) nasal polyps. A key limitation of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for CRSwNP is the frequent recurrence of polyps. This narrative review aims to summarize current evidence on risk factors for polyp recurrence after ESS.
Material and methods:
All relevant publications published from 2019 to 2024 were retrieved from PubMed based on the keywords chronic rhinosinusitis, endoscopic sinus surgery, and nasal polyps. Exactly 47 papers were identified.
Results:
A number of risk factors for polyp recurrence in CRSwNP patients following prior ESS were identified. Most highlight the significant number of relapses in patients with asthma, allergic rhinitis, eosinophilia, aspirin hypersensitivity, smoking, non-compliance with post-procedure recommendations, prior sinus surgery, and elevated levels of inflammatory factors (interleukins: IL-5, IL-10, and IL-6).
Conclusions:
Recognition of these risk factors and incorporation of biomarker assessment may improve patient stratification and enable tailored postoperative management. Further studies are needed to validate these predictors and develop effective strategies to reduce recurrence rates in CRSwNP patients.
FUNDING
This research and article did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
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