ORIGINAL ARTICLE
CLUSTERS IN A CHAIN OF COUPLED
OSCILLATORS BEHAVE LIKE A SINGLE
OSCILLATOR: RELEVANCE TO SPONTANEOUS
OTOACOUSTIC EMISSIONS FROM HUMAN EARS
| 1 | Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Groningen,
University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands |
| 2 | John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra,
Australia |
A - Research concept and design; B - Collection and/or assembly of data; C - Data analysis and interpretation; D - Writing the article; E - Critical revision of the article; F - Final approval of article;
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Hero P. Wit
Hero P. Wit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands, e-mail: hero.wit@ziggo.nl
Hero P. Wit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands, e-mail: hero.wit@ziggo.nl
Publication date: 2017-03-31
J Hear Sci 2017;7(1):19–26
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAEs) provide startling evidence that there is an active process at the core of the mammalian cochlea,
but the mechanism involved is unclear. Models involving single, active Van der Pol oscillators have found favor, but here we extend the system to a chain of coupled, active nonlinear oscillators. It is found that the inherent clustering of oscillators in the chain produces an effect in
which each cluster, or frequency plateau, behaves just like a single oscillator, most clearly in terms of phase lock to external tones and phase
slip in the presence of noise.
REFERENCES (54)
1.
Kemp DT. Active resonance systems in audition. 13th International Congress of Audiology, Bari, Italy, 1976; Abstracts 64–65.
2.
Kemp DT. Stimulated acoustic emissions from within the human auditory system. J Acoust Soc Am, 1978; 64: 1386–91.
3.
Wit HP, Ritsma RJ. Stimulated emissions from the human ear. J Acoust Soc Am, 1979; 66: 911–13.
4.
Wit HP, Ritsma RJ. Evoked responses from the human ear: Some experimental results. Hear Res, 1980; 2: 253–61.
5.
Rutten WLC. Evoked acoustic emissions from within normal and abnormal human ears: Comparison with audiometric and electrocochleographic findings. Hear Res, 1980; 2: 263–71.
6.
Schloth E. Amplitudengang der im äuszeren Gehörgang gemessenen akustischen Antworten auf Schallreize. Acustica, 1980; 44: 239–41 [in German].
7.
Wilson JP. Evidence for cochlear origin for acoustic re-emissions, threshold fine-structure and tonal tinnitus. Hear Res, 1980; 2: 233–52.
8.
Probst R, Lonsbury-Martin BL, Martin GK. A review of otoacoustic emissions. J Acoust Soc Am, 1991; 89: 2027–67.
9.
Gold T. Hearing II. The physical basis of the action of the cochlea. Proc Royal Soc B, 1948; 135: 492–98.
10.
Hudspeth AJ. Integrating the active process of hair cells with cochlear function. Nature Rev Neurosci, 2014; 15: 600–14.
11.
Amro RM, Neiman AB. Effect of bidirectional mechanoelectric coupling on spontaneous oscillations and sensitivity in a model of hair cells. Phys Rev E, 2014; 90: 052704.
12.
Kemp DT. Evidence of mechanical nonlinearity and frequency selective wave amplification in the cochlea. Arch Otorhinolaryngol, 1979; 224: 37–45.
13.
Wilson JP. Recording of the Kemp echo and tinnitus from the ear canal without averaging. J Physiol, 1980; 298: 8–9P.
15.
Zurek PM. Spontaneous narrowband acoustic signals emitted by human ears. J Acoust Soc Am, 1981; 69: 514–23.
16.
Wit HP, Van Dijk P. Are human spontaneous otoacoustic emissions generated by a chain of coupled nonlinear oscillators? J Acoust Soc Am, 2012; 132: 918–26.
17.
Wit HP, Van Dijk P, Manley GA. A model for the relation between stimulus frequency and spontaneous otoacoustic emissions in lizard papillae. J Acoust Soc Am, 2012; 132: 3273–79.
18.
Vilfan A, Duke T. Frequency clustering in spontaneous otoacoustic emissions from a lizard’s ear. Biophys J, 2008; 95: 4622–30.
19.
Ermentrout GB, Kopell N. Frequency plateaus in a chain of weakly coupled oscillators. SIAM J Math Anal, 1984; 15: 215–37.
20.
Osipov GV, Sushchik MM. The effect of natural frequency distribution on cluster synchronization in oscillator arrays. IEEE Trans Circ Syst I Fund Theor Appl, 1997; 44(10): 1006–10.
21.
Bialek W, Wit HP. Quantum limits to oscillator stability: Theory and experiments on acoustic emissions from the human ear. Phys Lett, 1984; 104A: 173–78.
22.
Van Dijk P, Wit HP. Synchronization of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions to a 2f1–f2 distortion product. J Acoust Soc Am, 1990; 88: 850–56.
23.
Long GR, Tubis A, Jones KL. Modeling synchronization and suppression of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions using Van der Pol oscillators: Effects of aspirin administration. J Acoust Soc Am, 1991; 89: 1201–12.
24.
Murphy WJ, Talmadge CL, Tubis A, Long GR. Relaxation dynamics of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions perturbed by external tones. I. Response to pulsed single-tone suppressors. J Acoust Soc Am, 1995; 97: 3702–10.
25.
Wit HP. Spontaneous otoacoustic emission generators behave like coupled oscillators. In: Dallos P, Geisler CD, Mathews JW, Ruggero MA, Steele CR, editors. The Mechanics and Biophysics of Hearing. Berlin: Springer; 1990; 259–66.
26.
Shera CA, Guinan JJ. Mechanism of mammalian otoacoustic emission. In: Manley GA, Fay RR, Popper, AN, editors. Active processes and otoacoustic emissions. New York: Springer; 2008; 305–42.
27.
Bergevin C, Manley GA, Köppl C. Salient features of otoacoustic emissions are common across tetrapod groups and suggest shared properties of generation mechanisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2015; 112: 3362–67.
28.
Bell A. Reptile ears and mammalian ears: Hearing without a travelling wave. J Hear Sci, 2012; 2(3): 14–22.
29.
Bell A. The remarkable frog ear: Implications for vertebrate hearing. J Hear Sci, 2016(1); 6: 17–30.
30.
Reichenbach T, Hudspeth AJ. The physics of hearing: Fluid mechanics and the active process in the inner ear. Rep Prog Phys, 2014; 77: 076601.
31.
Bell A, Wit HP. The vibrating reed frequency meter: Digital investigation of an early cochlear model. Peer J, 2015; 3: e1333.
32.
Epp B, Verhey JL, Mauermann M. Modeling cochlear dynamics: Interrelation between cochlea mechanics and psychoacoustics. J Acoust Soc Am, 2010; 128: 1870–83.
33.
Epp B, Wit HP, Van Dijk P. Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions are generated by active oscillators clustered in frequency plateaus. Ass Res Otolaryngol Abstracts, 2014; 250.
34.
Epp B, Wit HP, Van Dijk P. Clustering of cochlear oscillations in frequency plateaus as a tool to investigate SOAE generation. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2015; 1703, 090025.
35.
Fruth F, Jülicher F, Lindner B. An active oscillator model describes the statistics of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions. Biophys J, 2014; 107: 815–24.
36.
Vignali D, Elliott SJ, Lineton B. Modeling dynamic properties of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions: Low-frequency biasing and entrainment. J Acoust Soc Am, 2016; 139: 2074.
37.
Wilson JP, Sutton GJ. Acoustic correlates of tonal tinnitus. In: Evered D, Lawrenson G, editors. Tinnitus. London: Pitman; 1981; 82–107.
38.
Long GR, Tubis A. Investigations into the nature of the association between threshold microstructure and otoacoustic emissions. Hear Res, 1988; 36: 125–38.
39.
Hansen R, Santurette S, Verhulst S. Effects of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions on pure-tone frequency difference limens. J Acoust Soc Am, 2014; 136: 3147–58.
40.
Van Dijk P, Wit HP. Synchronization of cubic distortion spontaneous otoacoustic emissions. J Acoust Soc Am, 1998; 104: 591–94.
41.
Martin P, Hudspeth AJ, Jülicher F. Comparison of a hair bundle’s spontaneous oscillation with its response to mechanical stimulation reveals the underlying active process. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2001; 98: 14380–85.
42.
Commissariat, T. Work on whispers gives physicists something to shout about. Available from http://physicsworld.com/cws/ar...; downloaded 2017/03/07.
43.
Roongthumskul Y, Shlomovitz R, Bruinsma R, Bozovic D. Phase-slips in oscillatory hair bundles. Phys Rev Lett, 2013; 110: 148103.
44.
Shlomovitz R, Roongthumskul Y, Ji S, Bozovic D, Bruinsma R. Phase-locked spiking of inner ear hair cells and the driven noisy Adler equation. Interface Focus, 2014; 4: 20140022.
45.
Greenwood DD. A cochlear frequency–position function for several species – 29 years later. J Acoust Soc Am, 1990; 87: 2592–605.
46.
Braun M. A retrospective study of the spectral probability of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions: Rise of octave shifted second mode after infancy. Hear Res, 2006; 215: 39–46.
47.
Braun M. Frequency spacing of multiple spontaneous otoacoustic emissions shows relation to critical bands: a large-scale cumulative study. Hear Res, 1997; 114: 197–203.
48.
Gelfand M, Piro O, Magnasco MO, Hudspeth AJ. Interactions between hair cells shape spontaneous otoacoustic emissions in a model of the Tokay Gecko’s cochlea. PLoS One, 2010; 5(6): e11116.
49.
Pikovsky A, Rosenblum M, Kurths J. Synchronization: A universal concept in nonlinear sciences. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press; 2003.
50.
Huygens C. A letter to his father, dated 26 Feb. 1665. In: Nijhoff M, editor. Ouevres Complètes de Christian Huyghens. Société Hollandaise des Sciences, The Hague, The Netherlands, 1893, Vol. 5: 243.
51.
Stratonovich RL. Topics in the Theory of Random Noise. Vol. 2. Gordon and Breach, New York; 1963; 222–76.
52.
Fabiny L, Colet P, Roy R, Lenstra D. Coherence and phase dynamics of spatially coupled solid-state lasers. Phys Rev A, 1993; 47: 4287–96.
53.
Adler R. A study of locking phenomena in oscillators. Proc I R E, 1946; 34: 351–57.
54.
Bhansali P, Roychowdhury J. Gen-Adler: The generalized Adler’s equation for injection locking analysis in oscillators. ASP-DAC, 2009; 522–27.
RELATED ARTICLE
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.